Pablo Neruda (born Neftali Ricardo Peyes Basualto; 1904-1973) was a Chilean poet, diplomat, and politician, Senator of the Republic of Chile, member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Chile. Winner of the International Stalin Prize “for peace between peoples” (1953) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1971).
To write a good research paper on the topic, you must know that Pablo Neruda was born July 12, 1904 in the town of Parral in central Chile in the family of a railroad employee. Gifted boy began writing poetry when he was ten-years-old. In 1920, the young poet published his poems in Selva Austral journal, taking pseudonym Pablo Neruda on behalf of the Czech writer Jan Neruda, to avoid conflict with his ??father, who did not approve of his studies in literature. Subsequently, the nickname became his official name.
A year later, the young poet entered the Pedagogical Institute in Santiago. For his poem Holiday Song, published in Juventud, he won first prize in a competition organized by the Federation of Chilean students.
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In 1923, on his own savings Neruda published his first book of poems titled Twilight. The compilation was successful, allowing the young poet to release the next year lyrical book Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair. It was this book that brought Pablo great fame in Latin America.
In 1934-1937, Heruda was working as a diplomat in Spain. Inspired by the anti-fascist struggle of the Spanish people, in 1937 he published a book of poems Spain in the heart.
In 1941-1944, Pablo Neruda was a Chilean consul in Mexico. It was there that he wrote two Love Song of Stalingrad. In 1945, Neruda was elected to the Senate of the Republic of Chile. Soon he joined the Communist Party of Chile and was awarded the National Prize for Literature.
Due to the disagreements with Chilean President González Videla, Neruda was stripped of his parliamentary mandate and accused of treason. So he had to flee to Paris. While in exile, in 1948, he concludes his Universal Song – an epic about the fate of Latin America.
In 1949-1952, Heruda traveled in Europe and Asia participated in the peace movement, repeatedly visited the USSR. His work was evolving in the direction of the lyrics and kind of grotesque, as his book Estravagario (1958).
He was awarded the International Peace Prize (1950), the International Lenin Prize “for peace between peoples” (1953), Nobel Prize for Literature (1971).
In 1969, Neruda was nominated by the Communist Party of Chile for the presidency, but withdrew his candidacy in favor of socialist Salvador Allende. After Allende’s victory in the elections in 1970, Neruda was appointed ambassador to France.
In 1972, Neruda returned to Chile. September 11, 1973 Gen. Augusto Pinochet came to power in Chile in a military coup. Salvador Allende was killed, many supporters of the Popular Unity were killed or arrested. Neruda’s house in Santiago was subjected to looting. Neruda died in the hospital of Santa Maria in Santiago September 23, 1973 (according to another version – killed). His funeral, held at gunpoint, was the first demonstration against the Pinochet regime.
In the 1973-1974 in Buenos Aires posthumous publication of eight books of poetry of Neruda was published, as well as a book of his memoirs, I confess: I have lived.
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