Gabriel José de la Concordia García Márquez, born 6 mars 1927 in Aracataca, provinsce Magdalena, is a prominent colombian author. He was awarded 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature.
He belongs, along with, among others, Julio Cortázar, Mario Vargas Llosa, and Carlos Fuentes, to the generation of the Latin American writers who made a breakthrough in the 1960s known under the name “El Boom.” His most famous book, Cien años de soledad (One Hundred Years of Solitude, 1967), set in the village of Macondo, was inspired by the author’s birthplace Aracataca in northern Colombia. Today Aracataca is a languid society, stifled by the heat, humidity, and dust. The village’s transformation during the course of the Discovery’s rampage and the massacre of banana workers depicted in the book happened in reality. The author recurs to the subject in several others of his books, including La hojarasca (Swirling leaves).
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13-year-old García Márquez came to the capital Bogota to attend grammar school. Alone in the big city, he found solace in world literature. Later, after he started studying law at the university, he came into contact with the modernist poets of the Piedra y cielo group. The meeting led him to leave law school in order to pursue journalism and authorship.
His first book, La hojarasca (1955), he published on his own publishing company. It met no significant response from critics and neither did his next work. At the time, García Márquez was working in prestigious newspaper El Espectador, but he did not hit through as a fiction writer until 1967 when One Hundred Years of Solitude was published.
During the 1950s and ’60s García Márquez worked as a foreign correspondent. From 1955 he was El Espectadors envoy to Paris where he became unemployed, since the dictator Rojas Pinilla closed the newspaper. After an interlude in Venezuela, he returned to Bogota in 1959 and began working with the revolutionary Cuban news agency Prensa Latina. In 1961, he became its correspondent in New York and later in Mexico. In the late ’60s, he left journalism to devote himself entirely to literature, but he remained faithful to the Cuban regime, and in time became a personal friend of Fidel Castro. Today he lives in Mexico City, he has homes even in Cartagena de Indias and Paris. In Havana a villa stands at his disposal.
He is married to Mercedes Barcha Pardo and is the father of film director Rodrigo García. Gabriel García Márquez has a lifelong interest in cinema: he has written several screenplays and supports a Cuban institution for the training of film directors.
Garcia Marquez has also worked as a screenwriter for several films. Several of his novels and short stories have also been filmed. 1987, the Italian director Francesco Rosi filmed Chronicle of a Death Foretold and his Love in the Time of Cholera was filmed by Mike Newell in 2007. Several of his stories have also been filmed in Mexico.
In 1982, García Márquez was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature with the justification: “for his novels and short stories in which the fantastic and the realistic is combined in a richly composed world of poetry, reflecting a continent’s life and conflicts.” He was the first Colombian and fourth Latin American author to receive the prize.
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