Social stratification classifies the population of a society or a state on the basis of the social characteristics according to the hierarchically structured layering model. The differentiators can be economically, professionally, or educationally dependent, or to be set by other factors that are depending on the theoretical approach to the demarcation of the individual layers.
In common parlance, for example, the upper classes refers to a society in industrial societies, the middle class is considered important as a part of market economy, while the lower layer is considered to be a disadvantage in general. In terms of education and social inequality, the population is divided in educational levels in political respect in society with less or more influence on decision-making processes.
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College students who write their social stratification research paper should know that there is no a generally accepted definition of “layer”; some sociologists use the term as a generic term for class, caste, status, and other systems of social inequality (see social structure analysis: guiding principles). Fundamentally, a person belonging to a social class is regarded as open and changeable (social advancement, social mobility), while belonging to a caste or status is determined by birth and is thus closed. In contrast to a class, a social layer will not be of a common dependency ratio or we-feeling determined.
The idea that the social structure of a society could be represented in the form of a layering (stratification) of superimposed social strata was developed by the Danish sociologist Theodor Geiger in 1932 in his book Social stratification of the German people. He took the name from the miners’ language, where it describes rock strata, and transferred it to the population structure within the state boundaries of the former German Reich. Violinist layer model presented the description of the social differences in the foreground, as opposed to an explanation of social inequality, as the concept of even class conflict by Karl Marx was the case (see also class and layer theories). In this model, economic factors such as income and property were basic.
The assumption that companies are in principle or in stages in their current manifestations, i.e., are hierarchically structured, shows that in the “social classes” each lot to be alike examinable, social agents are actors, and that the social layers themselves can be clearly divided by specific. Stratification models divide the society into an indefinite number of social classes or groups according to characteristics such as occupation, education, standard of living, power, religion, type of clothing, political opinion, or organization differed according objective and subjective criteria. Layer concepts are closely related to the criteria of industrial society, but not question basically the legitimacy or justice of the social order and stratification.
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