Organizational theory and organizational research study, investigate and explain the organization – its origin, its existence and its functioning – as well as immanent organization behavior (known as Organizational Behavior). There are a variety of theories of organizations, as organizations are highly complex entities and the subject area of organizational theory is very broad. All approaches in the organization theory and its objective are the same, while each examines particular aspects. The starting point of this theory is the interdisciplinary approach of organizational sociology and organizational psychology approaches. The organizational research has received in recent years also has a great importance for the Business Administration (Human Resource Management) and management science (especially in Scandinavian school).
The approach of the German sociologist Max Weber can be called an important approach of the bureaucracy (1864-1920), which was mainly used in the United States Declaration of formal organizations. Weber sees bureaucracy under a powerful form of organization which is characterized by division of labor, office hierarchy, rules and standards for task performance and administration.
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To write a decent research paper on the topic you must know that to this day, Max Weber’s bureaucracy approach has remained a highlight of the organizational theory. In the sixties, this approach found its way into the business organization theory.
One of the approaches is Scientific Management and Taylorism. It has been heavily influenced by the increased use of machinery and standardized mass production (industrial revolution). Against this backdrop, a need for management guidelines on the design of new factories arose. Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) developed the approach of Scientific Management, in the further development also called Taylorism. The aim was to increase both the productivity of the workers and the efficiency of management.
Taylor’s management principles contained the following five components:
- separation of manual and intellectual work,
- analysis of human labor in term of the studies,
- differential wage system,
- determination of the daily workload,
- function master system.
The administration and management theory was developed in the U.S. and in the UK and can be traced back to the work of Henri Fayol (1841-1925).
First and foremost, there are questions of task and Department of Education and the coordination center. Therefore management issues and problems of corporate governance were at the forefront. An important part of the teaching observed was the catalog management functions, which advance planning, organizing, ordering, coordination and control.
The business organization theory, a branch of Business Administration, is developed by Germans experts from 1930. Starting base was primarily the work of Fritz Nordsieck in 1930, from which formed the structure and process organization. In this context, the concept of task support was coined by Nordsieck also Erich Kosiol. A further development and completion of this approach was carried out by Erwin Grochla.
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